With elevated blood pressure, a fatal pathology of the cardiovascular system develops. The feature of diving is dangerous to health, if there is no timely treatment, doctors cannot rule out the risk of high blood pressure. 30% of all patients face such problem, and this symptom is constantly rejuvenating.
What is high blood pressure?
Arterial hypertension is an independent disease in which blood pressure is disturbed. If in the past only adult patients suffered from a specific disease, now modern young people are also at risk. Arterial hypertension, if not treated promptly, can lead to disability and death.
When measuring the outlet pressure, a double reading is obtained. When decoding it, you can get a realistic clinical picture. The first value represents the systolic (top) pressure, which corresponds to the contractile force of the heart wall. The second is diastolic (lower), demonstrating the pathogenesis of myocardial relaxation. Hypertension can be diagnosed at home with a classical manometer, but needs to be clarified in the hospital.
Degree
The pathological process strikes gradually, the symptoms increase imperceptibly, causing fear with their intensity and causing other heart problems. In the body, hypertension manifests itself in one of three degrees - what disease it is, the cardiologist will tell you. The conditional classification of a specific disease with brief features is presented below:
- The first level is elementary. The rise in blood pressure was not significant, limited to 139-159/90-99 mm Hg. Art. At first, symptoms appear suddenly, then disappear unnoticeably. The disease can still be cured.
- The second degree is moderate. Possible deviations from the norm are still in the range of 160–180 / 100–110 mm Hg. Art. , While it is almost impossible to stabilize this indicator. The risk of high blood pressure increases.
- The third degree is pronounced. Deviations from the norm are appalling in their scale, close to 180 or more / 111 mm Hg. Art. If hypertension manifests itself in this way, the extent of the pathological process leads to a violation of the heart's functioning.
Types
This disease has several conditional classifications that help the specialist characterize the clinical picture as accurately as possible, make a complete diagnosis, and select the most effective treatment to reduce the symptoms. timely symptoms of anxiety. All existing types of hypertension are briefly described below:
- by etiology: arterial hypertension of primary and secondary forms;
- symptomatic (secondary) hypertension: drug, endocrine, hemodynamic, renal, neurological;
- by complications: hypertensive crisis, malignant or unstable hypertension.
Causes of high blood pressure
To ensure long-term remission of the disease, it is important to study the etiology of the pathological process. The main causes of high blood pressure are impaired blood circulation through the vessels, restricted flow to the left ventricle of the heart. In modern medicine, there is a completely plausible explanation for this - changes in the structure of blood vessels with age, the formation of blood clots and atherosclerotic plaques in their cavities.
In men
Women are more susceptible to the characteristic disease, but it can also progress in men. The main causes of high blood pressure in men are presented below, but experts especially recommend avoiding such provoking factors and removing them from your life in a timely manner. This is:
- stressful situations;
- genetic predisposition;
- bad habits;
- have previously suffered injuries related to violations of the circulatory system;
- age-related changes in blood vessels, loss of elasticity;
- Alcoholism;
- the tendency or presence of one of the forms of obesity.
Among the women
If hypertension develops in the female body - what it is, you can find out at an appointment with a local specialist, a highly specialized doctor. An unpleasant diagnosis, difficult to treat effectively. To promptly avoid complications, it is necessary to know the main causes of high blood pressure in women. This is:
- severe shock, crisis, prolonged stress;
- overweight, obese;
- disturbed hormonal background;
- perimenopausal state;
- increased cholesterol in the blood;
- the patient's advanced age.
Signs of high blood pressure
Knowing what hypertension is, the patient must promptly respond to changes in the general condition of the disease. Differentiating hypertension is not easy, this is the doctor's task, so it is important not to delay the diagnosis. Unstable blood pressure, under the influence of external stimuli. Other signs of hypertension depend on the sex of the potential cardiovascular patient.
Among the women
Representatives of the weaker sex react strongly to the slightest changes in health, so they easily recognize the appearance of problems on their bodies. The disease can overtake the patient in an "interesting position. " The main signs of hypertension in women are:
- spontaneous headaches at different times of the day;
- landing of vision, loss of sharpness with sharp movements of the body and head;
- swelling of the lower extremities;
- excessive irritability;
- puffy eyes in the morning.
In men
At first, patients do not feel changes in their general well-being, and the mildest illnesses are caused by increased physical activity, excessive fatigue, or an environmental factor. Over time, the symptoms of hypertension in men became increasingly pronounced, suggestive of advanced heart failure. This is:
- decreased potency, problems in sexual relations;
- impaired concentration;
- increased shortness of breath;
- depressed state;
- fly-eye syndrome with sudden movements.
Treatment
Knowing who hypertensive patients are, we can safely say that these people must "sit" on medication for life in order to maintain their overall health at a "satisfactory level". There is no way to completely cure this disease, but it can be completely cured. If you are interested in the treatment of hypertension, the characteristics of the conservative approach are outlined below. Necessary:
- Perform all necessary tests to determine the stage and form of the disease.
- Give up bad habits, follow a therapeutic diet.
- Regular use of drugs with antihypertensive effect;
- Eliminate the risk of complications by periodic visits by a specialist, folk remedies.
How to treat high blood pressure without drugs?
If you don't want to take antihypertensive drugs, and your attitude towards them is very negative, what should you do about high blood pressure? Doctors recommend being outdoors more often, taking multivitamins with iron content to maintain complete body circulation, giving up bad habits and choosing effective cardiovascular exercises. Don't live an isolated lifestyle. However, in the relapse period, you still have to take antihypertensive drugs to avoid the risk of complications during the work of the heart muscle.
Diet for high blood pressure and heart disease
Therapeutic nutrition eliminates the consumption of salt, aims to control the body's water balance. If hypertension is diagnosed - what exactly is it, how to treat it, the cardiologist will tell you. For example, a diet for hypertension and heart disease provides the following restrictions on a patient's usual diet. The following foods are considered prohibited:
- caffeinated beverages;
- sharps, pickles, smoked meat;
- internal organs;
- Alcohol;
- high-fat meal.
If this is chronic high blood pressure - what is it nutritionally? Allow:
- lean;
- unsalted cereals;
- dairy products.